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大家在学习 Flutter 时一定会用过 Text,而对于一些复杂文本的处理可能会选择 ,再进一步,使用 RichText 就一定要用 ,小菜本以为可以做为一个小知识点进行简单学习,但是随着深入尝试发现 TextSpan 涉及东西很多,很值得研究,因此单独整理一篇小博文。
RichText 富文本核心即 TextSpan,而 TextSpan 结构很像 Android 中的 ViewGroup 树型结构。
小菜理解为 RichText 是进阶版的 Text,如下直接看实例:
Widget richTextWid01() { return RichText( text: TextSpan( text: 'TextDirection.ltr 文字默认居左', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 16.0, color: Colors.black)), textDirection: TextDirection.ltr);}Widget richTextWid02() { return RichText( text: TextSpan( text: 'TextDirection.rtl 文字默认居右', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 16.0, color: Colors.black)), textDirection: TextDirection.rtl);}Widget richTextWid03() { return RichText( text: TextSpan( text: 'textDirection 与 textAlign 同时设置,优先看整体,文字居中', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 16.0, color: Colors.black)), textDirection: TextDirection.rtl, textAlign: TextAlign.center);}
Widget richTextWid04() { return RichText( text: TextSpan( text: '多种样式,如:', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 16.0, color: Colors.black), children:[ TextSpan( text: '红色', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 18.0, color: Colors.red)), TextSpan( text: '绿色', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 18.0, color: Colors.green)), TextSpan( text: '蓝色', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 18.0, color: Colors.blue)), TextSpan( text: '白色', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 18.0, color: Colors.white)), TextSpan( text: '紫色', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 18.0, color: Colors.purple)), TextSpan( text: '黑色', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 18.0, color: Colors.black)) ]), textAlign: TextAlign.center);}
final TapGestureRecognizer recognizer = TapGestureRecognizer();void initState() { super.initState(); recognizer.onTap = () { Toast.show('您好,欢迎点赞或关注!', context, duration: Toast.LENGTH_SHORT, gravity: Toast.BOTTOM); };}Widget richTextWid05() { return RichText( text: TextSpan( text: 'recognizer 为手势识别者,可设置点击事件,', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 17.0, color: Colors.black), children:[ TextSpan( text: '点我试试', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 17.0, color: Colors.blue), recognizer: recognizer) ]));}
RichText 的使用很方便,但如果在深入了解 TextSpan 就有很多趣味了;Flutter 提供了和 Android 类似的 Canvas 绘制方法,但是 Canvas 却不支持 drawText,如果想要实现绘制文字,就需要 而其内部主要是由 TextSpan 实现。
使用 TextPainter 时需要继承 CustomPainter,并实现 paint 和 shouldRepaint 方法,主要是在 paint 中进行绘制 TextPainter。与 RichText 功能相同,可以完全实现 RichText 效果;
TextPainter 绘制需要实现 layout 与 paint 方法,即绘制位置与绘制范围。
TextPainter( text: TextSpan( text: 'TextDirection.ltr 文字默认居左', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 16.0, color: Colors.black)), textDirection: TextDirection.ltr) ..layout(maxWidth: Screen.width, minWidth: Screen.width) ..paint(canvas, Offset(0.0, 0.0));TextPainter( text: TextSpan( text: 'TextDirection.rtl 文字默认居右', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 16.0, color: Colors.black)), textDirection: TextDirection.rtl) ..layout(maxWidth: Screen.width, minWidth: Screen.width) ..paint(canvas, Offset(0.0, 24.0));TextPainter( text: TextSpan( text: 'textDirection 与 textAlign 同时设置,优先看整体,文字居中', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 16.0, color: Colors.black)), textDirection: TextDirection.rtl, textAlign: TextAlign.center) ..layout(maxWidth: Screen.width, minWidth: Screen.width) ..paint(canvas, Offset(0.0, 48.0));TextPainter( text: TextSpan( text: '文字位置与 layout 的最大最小宽度有关', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 16.0, color: Colors.black)), textDirection: TextDirection.rtl) ..layout(maxWidth: Screen.width - 100.0, minWidth: Screen.width - 200.0) ..paint(canvas, Offset(0.0, 90.0));TextPainter( text: TextSpan( text: '文字长度较小', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 16.0, color: Colors.black)), textDirection: TextDirection.rtl) ..layout(maxWidth: Screen.width - 100.0, minWidth: Screen.width - 140.0) ..paint(canvas, Offset(0.0, 124.0));
TextPainter( text: TextSpan( text: '多种样式,如:', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 16.0, color: Colors.black), children:[ TextSpan( text: '红色', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 18.0, color: Colors.red)), TextSpan( text: '绿色', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 18.0, color: Colors.green)), TextSpan( text: '蓝色', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 18.0, color: Colors.blue)), TextSpan( text: '白色', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 18.0, color: Colors.white)), TextSpan( text: '\n紫色', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 18.0, color: Colors.purple)), TextSpan( text: '黑色', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 18.0, color: Colors.black)) ]), textDirection: TextDirection.ltr, textAlign: TextAlign.center) ..layout(maxWidth: Screen.width, minWidth: Screen.width) ..paint(canvas, Offset(0.0, 148.0));
TextPainter( text: TextSpan( text: 'recognizer 为手势识别者,可设置点击事件,', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 17.0, color: Colors.black), children:[ TextSpan( text: '测试暂时有误,待研究', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 17.0, color: Colors.blue)) ], recognizer: TapGestureRecognizer() ..onTap = () { print('===测试暂时有误,待研究=='); }), textDirection: TextDirection.ltr, textAlign: TextAlign.center) ..layout(maxWidth: Screen.width - 40.0, minWidth: Screen.width - 40.0) ..paint(canvas, Offset(20.0, 200.0));
TextPainter( text: TextSpan( text: 'TextPainter 小尝试', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 20.0, color: Colors.black54), children:[ TextSpan( text: '\n作者:和尚(height:1.6)', style: TextStyle( fontSize: 14.0, color: Colors.black54, height: 1.6)) ]), textDirection: TextDirection.ltr, textAlign: TextAlign.center) ..layout(maxWidth: Screen.width, minWidth: Screen.width) ..paint(canvas, Offset(0.0, 20.0));TextPainter( text: TextSpan( text: 'TextPainter 小尝试', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 20.0, color: Colors.black54), children: [ TextSpan( text: '\n作者:和尚(height:3.0)', style: TextStyle( fontSize: 14.0, color: Colors.black54, height: 3.0)) ]), textDirection: TextDirection.ltr, textAlign: TextAlign.center) ..layout(maxWidth: Screen.width, minWidth: Screen.width) ..paint(canvas, Offset(0.0, 90.0));TextPainter( text: TextSpan( text: 'TextPainter 小尝试(height:0.1)', style: TextStyle(fontSize: 20.0, color: Colors.black54, height: 0.1), children: [ TextSpan( text: '\nTextPainter 小尝试(height:0.1)', style: TextStyle( fontSize: 20.0, color: Colors.black54, height: 0.1)), TextSpan( text: '\nTextPainter 小尝试(height:0.1)', style: TextStyle( fontSize: 20.0, color: Colors.black54, height: 0.1)) ]), textDirection: TextDirection.ltr, textAlign: TextAlign.center) ..layout(maxWidth: Screen.width, minWidth: Screen.width) ..paint(canvas, Offset(0.0, 220.0));
如果有不对的地方还希望多多指教!
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